Toro has discontinued its Waterbird irrigation sprinklers, prompting olive growers to reassess under-tree irrigation systems and consider modern alternatives including micro-sprinklers and drip irrigation. What are the alternatives?

Xylella fastidiosa is one of the most destructive bacterial pathogens affecting olive trees globally. Responsible for Olive Quick Decline Syndrome, it disrupts the tree’s vascular system, leading to canopy dieback, reduced fruit set, and eventual tree mortality. This in-depth guide examines symptoms, insect transmission, containment strategies, resistant cultivars, and the far-reaching economic impact on Mediterranean and global olive production.

A practical guide to minimum water, fuel, fertiliser and crop protection thresholds needed to maintain olive grove productivity and avoid yield losses.